The prevalence of Tuberculosis Infection and Disease among Household contacts of smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Diwaniya Governorate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/ijhsms.v2i12.3181Keywords:
household contacts, tuberculosis, latent pulmonary tuberculosis.Abstract
Background: pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) remained a serious threat to the life and it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although it is a treatable disease, every day about 5,000 die from the disease worldwide.
Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all index cases and household contacts were interviewed using special structured questioner to gather information about the epidemiological and socio-demographic characteristics. The household contacts were subjected to tuberculin skin test (T.S.T)
Persons with positive T.S.T were investigated for signs and symptoms of TB. Those with positive findings were assessed by sputum smear examination subjected to chest X-ray. Those with positive finding on chest X-ray were considered as negative PTB. Those with negative finding were re-evaluated for extra pulmonary TB or diseases other than TB.
Results: the total number of household contacts was 586 of 65 index cases, but the response rate was 63.14%. The prevalence rate of Mycobacterium infection among them was 16.8%. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the significant potential risk factors are the poverty, smoking, and the close family relation (P0.05). The prevalence of TB disease among household contacts was 3% Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the only significant potential risk factor is poverty.
Conclusion; Household contacts investigation is an important tool in the detection of new cases of tuberculosis and latent pulmonary tuberculosis, and facilitates early treatment which will prevent the transmission of the disease to other
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