Complications of upper urinary tract stenting

Abstract

Restoration of the passage of urine along the upper urinary tract is routinely provided by the installation of external or internal drainage. Due to its objective advantages, internal drainage has been successfully used in upper urinary tract surgery. The review outlines the problems associated with the use of internal stents, namely: difficulties in installation, migration, reflux and obstruction of the stent, bacterial colonization of the stent, the development of functional and morphological changes in the drained segment of the urinary tract.