Possibilities of Application of Bacterial Immunomodulators in Polyposis Rhinosinuitis

Abstract

To date, the immunological aspects of the pathogenesis of nasal polyps attract close attention. As a result of numerous studies, irrefutable evidence has been obtained for the existence of three main clinical and morphological directions in the development and course of PRS: allergic, detected in 60% of patients, immunodeficiency (hypoimmune) - up to 50% and autoimmune - up to 14%. It has also been established that chronic PRS is an infectious and inflammatory process that is supported by immunological mechanisms - antibodies, including reagins, immune complexes and cytokines, including chemokines of the interleukin—8 type. Currently, immunomodulators of a new class in the form of immunocorrectors of bacterial origin and synthetic vaccines are increasingly being used. These are IRS-19, VP-4, bronchoimmunal, which are purified bacterial lysates; ribomunil, represented by bacterial ribosomes; lycopid, which is the main structural fragment of the cell wall of almost all known bacteria. The use of these drugs for the treatment of chronic infectious and allergic diseases was characterized by an increase in the level of T-lymphocytes, serum Ig, secretory ID, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, lysozyme and complement activity.