The Clinicopathological Features of Thyroid Cancer in Adiwaniyah Province in Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/ijhsms.v2i7.2289Keywords:
Thyroid cancer, Adiwaniyah, IraqAbstract
Neoplasms of thyroid tissue can benign and localized to thyroid gland or can metastasize to other regions of the body by either hematogenous or lymphatic routes. Based on morphological, clinical, and genetic characteristics, thyroid tumors are currently broadly categorized as follicle-derived (thyroid epithelial) neoplasms, other epithelial tumours, non-epithelial tumours, and secondary tumours.
Aim of the study: The current study was aiming at shedding light on the principal histopathological thyroid neoplasms and their associated clinicopathological features seen in Adiwaniyah province in Iraq.
Material and methods: The current cross sectional study was carried out in the central laboratories of Adiwaniyah Teaching Hospital, Adiwaniyah Province, Iraq. The study was based in retrieving the histopathological reports of patients with thyroid disease admitted to the hospital during the period extending from January 2020 till January 2023. The reports were reviewed for diagnosis, gross morphological description, microscopical description and results of immunohistochemistry. Data about type of thyroid lesions and their associated microscopical features were reported and then these data were transformed into a spread sheet of Microsoft Office Excel 2010.
Results: With respect to the size of neoplastic nodules, the mean size of all cases was 3.27 ±1.99 cm, and there was no significant difference in mean size of tumor between male patients and female patients, 3.58 ±2.00 cm versus 3.24 ±1.99 cm, respectively (p = 0.609). Lymphovascular invasion was seen in 4 cases (4 %) and there was no significant difference in its rate between males and females (p = 0.343). Capsular invasion was seen in 13 cases (13 %) and there was no significant difference in its rate between males and females (p = 0.615). The vast majority were Papillary thyroid micro-carcinoma (98 %) and there were 2 cases of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma and there was no significant difference in rate of these tumors between males and females (p = 0.191).
Conclusion: Thyroid cancer is most commonly seen in women within the fifth decade of life and the most common type is papillary carcinoma. Size of thyroid nodules is not correlated to its malignant potential.
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