Histopathology of Thyroid Diseases in Iraqi Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/ijhsms.v2i7.2156Keywords:
Histopathology, Thyroid, Goiter, age, sexAbstract
The aim of this investigation was for detection of thyroid diseases in Iraqi patients by using Histopathology. The present investigation involved a comprehensive examination of thyroid specimens that were received by the specialised Pathology laboratory in Baghdad, Iraq, during a duration of three years, from 2020 to 2023, 122 specimens were taken from both sexes and different ages. During the study period, all instances of thyroid diseases were obtained from the departmental records, which included bench books as well as histology reports. The physicians' completed patient request forms were collected for the purpose of obtaining biographical data. All histological specimens that were stained using the standard H & E technique were collected and analysed. New sections were generated from tissue blocks that had been fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin, and were previously stored, in cases where there were missing or damaged slides. Subsequently, a microscopic examination and review were conducted. The current results showed that females (84.4%) were highly infected than males (15.6%) and the highly disease incidence was goiter (68%) when compared with other thyroid diseases. The presented results exhibited a highly percentages of diseases were recorded at age group middle age group (21-50 years) when compared with other groups. The study identified a total of 11 autoimmune/inflammatory disorders, comprising 7 instances of the Graves' disease, 3 instances of Hashimoto thyroiditis, and 1 instance of lymphocytic thyroiditis. The age range with the highest incidence is between 31 and 40 years, and this phenomenon is observed solely in the female population. The present study revealed that Graves' and Hashimoto thyroiditis exhibited varying degrees of lymphocytic infiltrates and lymphoid follicles. The principal dissimilarity observed was in the follicular organisation and cytomorphology of the epithelial cells. The trabecular adenoma contained both intracellular and extracellular hyaline materials. Colloid goiter depicts thyroid follicles of diverse sizes that contain colloid.
In conclusion, the prevalence of thyroid diseases in Iraq exhibited a higher incidence among females during the 4th and 5th decades of life. Colloid goiter, adenoma, and papillary carcinoma were identified by hsitopathology as the prevailing diseases.
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