Investigation of Predictors of Suppurative Otitis Media in Pediatric Practice

Abstract

This study seeks to identify risk factors for otitis media, a prevalent pediatric ailment in developing nations, particularly Asia. The objective is to conduct well-planned epidemiological studies to reduce the incidence of hearing loss and deafness in infants. The study analyzed a population of preschool-aged children in a rural community, focusing on those with the highest prevalence of middle ear infection. The prevalence of middle ear infection among study participants was reported to be 8.6%. Otitis media with effusion (OME) was the most prevalent manifestation, followed by eustachian tubal block (ETB). Multiple risk factors, including persistent rhinorrhea, recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, snoring and mouth breathing, passive smoking, and seasonal rhinitis, were identified in the study. These variables substantially increased the likelihood of developing middle ear infection. In this rural population, however, sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status did not emerge as significant risk factors. The study emphasizes the significance of interventions including the treatment of enlarged adenoids, chronic sinusitis, and underlying nasal sensitivities, as well as the implementation of routine screening programs to identify and address risk factors. The negative effects of passive smoking on the respiratory and otological health of minors should also be highlighted in anti-smoking campaigns.