Possibilities of Volume Multislice Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Ischemic Injury of the Brain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/ijhsms.v2i4.1579Keywords:
ischemic stroke, diagnostics, neuroimaging, non-contrast computed tomography, sensitivity.Abstract
The aim of the article is to evaluate the clinical significance of volumetric computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of patients with acute cerebral ischemia. We examined 48 primary patients (mean age 47.4±8.1 years) with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Glasgow Coma Scale. 32 (66.7%) patients met the criteria for mild stroke severity, moderate severity was diagnosed in 18.8% (9 of 48) cases, and severe severity was detected in the remaining 7 (14.6%) patients. The studies were carried out on a wide-detector 640-slice computed tomograph "Aquilion One - 640" Genesis version (Toshiba Medical Systems, Japan). Non-contrast CT in cases of moderate and severe stroke is a highly sensitive (77.8%-100%) method for diagnosing ischemic lesions. The sensitivity of the technique in cases of mild severity of the clinical course of ischemic stroke is defined as the lowest (46.9%). However, in such cases, with a high frequency (53.3%), it is possible to diagnose the average size (16-30 mm in diameter) of the ischemic lesion zones. The frequency of detection of characteristic CT signs is higher in severe (71.4%-100%) than in moderate (28.6%-100%) and mild (6.7%-100%) stroke. The study determined a high relationship between the severity of ischemic stroke and the occurrence of CT signs. As the severity of cerebral ischemia increases, cases of a combination of radiological signs in direct proportion will increase. The results obtained in the course of the study once again confirm the expediency of including volumetric CT in the multimodal diagnostic protocol for acute ischemic stroke.
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